Yang berhak menjadi imam adalah yang paling baik bacaan terhadap al-qur’an, lalu yang paling tahu sunnah, paling dahulu hijrah, dan paling dulu masuk islam

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ أَخْبَرَنِي إِسْمَعِيلُ بْنُ رَجَاءٍ سَمِعْتُ أَوْسَ بْنَ ضَمْعَجٍ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الْبَدْرِيِّ قَالَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَؤُمُّ الْقَوْمَ أَقْرَؤُهُمْ لِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَأَقْدَمُهُمْ قِرَاءَةً فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْقِرَاءَةِ سَوَاءً فَلْيَؤُمَّهُمْ أَقْدَمُهُمْ هِجْرَةً فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْهِجْرَةِ سَوَاءً فَلْيَؤُمَّهُمْ أَكْبَرُهُمْ سِنًّا وَلَا يُؤَمُّ الرَّجُلُ فِي بَيْتِهِ وَلَا فِي سُلْطَانِهِ وَلَا يُجْلَسُ عَلَى تَكْرِمَتِهِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِقَالَ شُعْبَةُ فَقُلْتُ لِإِسْمَعِيلَ مَا تَكْرِمَتُهُ قَالَ فِرَاشُهُ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ مُعَاذٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ فِيهِ وَلَا يَؤُمُّ الرَّجُلُ الرَّجُلَ فِي سُلْطَانِهِ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد وَكَذَا قَالَ يَحْيَى الْقَطَّانُ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ أَقْدَمُهُمْ قِرَاءَةً حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ نُمَيْرٍ عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ إِسْمَعِيلَ بْنِ رَجَاءٍ عَنْ أَوْسِ بْنِ ضَمْعَجٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا مَسْعُودٍ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْقِرَاءَةِ سَوَاءً فَأَعْلَمُهُمْ بِالسُّنَّةِ فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي السُّنَّةِ سَوَاءً فَأَقْدَمُهُمْ هِجْرَةً وَلَمْ يَقُلْ فَأَقْدَمُهُمْ قِرَاءَةً قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد رَوَاهُ حَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَاةَ عَنْ إِسْمَعِيلَ قَالَ وَلَا تَقْعُدْ عَلَى تَكْرِمَةِ أَحَدٍ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ

Narrated to us [Abul Walid Ath-Thayalisi], narrated to us [Syu'bah], informed me [Isma'il bin Raja'], I heard [Aus bin Dlam'aj] narrate from [Abu Mas'ud Al-Badri], he said: Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam said, 'The one most entitled to lead a group in prayer is the most skilled in reciting Allah’s Book and the earliest in learning it. If their recitation is equal, let the earliest in hijrah lead. If their hijrah is equal, let the eldest lead. No one should lead in another’s house or authority, nor sit in his honored place without permission.' Syu'bah said: I asked Isma'il, 'What is the honored place?' He said, 'His bedding.' Narrated to us [Ibnu Mu'adz], narrated to us [my father], narrated to us [Syu'bah] with this hadith, saying, 'No one should lead another in his authority.' Abu Dawud said: So said [Yahya Al Qathan] from [Syu'bah]: 'The earliest in recitation.' Narrated to us [Al-Hasan bin Ali], narrated to us [Abdullah bin Numair] from [Al-A'masy] from [Isma'il bin Raja'] from [Aus bin Dlam'aj Al-Hadhrami], he said: I heard [Abu Mas'ud] from the Prophet shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam with this hadith, saying, 'If their recitation is equal, let the most knowledgeable in Sunnah lead. If their Sunnah knowledge is equal, let the earliest in hijrah lead,' without saying, 'The earliest in recitation.' Abu Dawud said: Narrated by [Hajjaj bin Arthaah] from [Isma'il], saying, 'Do not sit in anyone’s honored place without permission.'