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حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي حَدَّثَنَا كَهْمَسٌ عَنْ ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَعْمَرَ قَالَ كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ تَكَلَّمَ فِي الْقَدَرِ بِالْبَصْرَةِ مَعْبَدٌ الْجُهَنِيُّ فَانْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا وَحُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ حَاجَّيْنِ أَوْ مُعْتَمِرَيْنِ فَقُلْنَا لَوْ لَقِينَا أَحَدًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَأَلْنَاهُ عَمَّا يَقُولُ هَؤُلَاءِ فِي الْقَدَرِ فَوَفَّقَ اللَّهُ لَنَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ دَاخِلًا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَاكْتَنَفْتُهُ أَنَا وَصَاحِبِي فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ صَاحِبِي سَيَكِلُ الْكَلَامَ إِلَيَّ فَقُلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ إِنَّهُ قَدْ ظَهَرَ قِبَلَنَا نَاسٌ يَقْرَءُونَ الْقُرْآنَ وَيَتَفَقَّرُونَ الْعِلْمَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنْ لَا قَدَرَ وَالْأَمْرَ أُنُفٌ فَقَالَ إِذَا لَقِيتَ أُولَئِكَ فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِنْهُمْ وَهُمْ بُرَآءُ مِنِّي وَالَّذِي يَحْلِفُ بِهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ لَوْ أَنَّ لِأَحَدِهِمْ مِثْلَ أُحُدٍ ذَهَبًا فَأَنْفَقَهُ مَا قَبِلَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ ثُمَّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَبَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذْ طَلَعَ عَلَيْنَا رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيَابِ شَدِيدُ سَوَادِ الشَّعْرِ لَا يُرَى عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ السَّفَرِ وَلَا نَعْرِفُهُ حَتَّى جَلَسَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَسْنَدَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ إِلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ وَوَضَعَ كَفَّيْهِ عَلَى فَخِذَيْهِ وَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ الْإِسْلَامِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْإِسْلَامُ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ إِنْ اسْتَطَعْتَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلًا قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَعَجِبْنَا لَهُ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ الْإِيمَانِ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ الْإِحْسَانِ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ السَّاعَةِ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنْ السَّائِلِ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ أَمَارَاتِهَا قَالَ أَنْ تَلِدَ الْأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا وَأَنْ تَرَى الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ الْعَالَةَ رِعَاءَ الشَّاءِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ قَالَ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ فَلَبِثْتُ ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عُمَرُ هَلْ تَدْرِي مَنْ السَّائِلُ قُلْتُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ جِبْرِيلُ أَتَاكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْحَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ بُرَيْدَةَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَعْمَرَ وَحُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَا لَقِيَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ فَذَكَرْنَا لَهُ الْقَدَرَ وَمَا يَقُولُونَ فِيهِ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ زَادَ قَالَ وَسَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ مُزَيْنَةَ أَوْ جُهَيْنَةَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فِيمَا نَعْمَلُ أَفِي شَيْءٍ قَدْ خَلَا أَوْ مَضَى أَوْ فِي شَيْءٍ يُسْتَأْنَفُ الْآنَ قَالَ فِي شَيْءٍ قَدْ خَلَا وَمَضَى فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ أَوْ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ فَفِيمَ الْعَمَلُ قَالَ إِنَّ أَهْلَ الْجَنَّةِ يُيَسَّرُونَ لِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَإِنَّ أَهْلَ النَّارِ يُيَسَّرُونَ لِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ حَدَّثَنَا الْفِرْيَابِيُّ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَلْقَمَةُ بْنُ مَرْثَدٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ عَنْ ابْنِ يَعْمَرَ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ يَزِيدُ وَيَنْقُصُ قَالَ فَمَا الْإِسْلَامُ قَالَ إِقَامُ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيتَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ وَحَجُّ الْبَيْتِ وَصَوْمُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَالِاغْتِسَالُ مِنْ الْجَنَابَةِ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد عَلْقَمَةُ مُرْجِئٌ

Narrated to us by Ubaidullah bin Mu'adz, he said: Narrated to us by my father, he said: Narrated to us by Kahmas from Ibnu Buraidah from Yahya bin Ya'mar, he said: 'The first to speak about destiny in Basrah was Ma'bad Al Juhani. I and Humaid bin Abdurrahman Al Himyari went for Hajj or Umrah. We muttered: 'If we meet a companion of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, we will ask him about what people say regarding destiny.' Then Allah destined us to meet Abdullah bin Umar as he entered the mosque, so my companion and I approached him. I thought my companion would delegate the talk to me, so I said: 'O Abu Abdurrahman, among us have emerged people who read the Quran and seek knowledge diligently, but they believe there is no destiny, and things happen without destiny's involvement!' Ibnu Umar said: 'If you meet them, say I disavow them and they disavow me. By the One whom Abdullah bin Umar swears by, if they had gold like Mount Uhud and spent it, Allah would not accept until they believe in destiny.' Then he said: 'Umar Ibnul Khaththab narrated to me, he said: 'While we were with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, suddenly a man came wearing very white clothes and very black hair. No signs of long travel, yet none of us knew him. He approached the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, rested his knees on the Prophet's and placed his palms on his thighs. Then he said: 'O Muhammad, inform me about Islam?' The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, answered: 'Islam is testifying no god worthy of worship except Allah and Muhammad is His Messenger, establishing prayer, paying zakat, fasting Ramadan, and Hajj to the House if able.' The man said: 'You are right.' Umar said: 'We were amazed he asks and confirms himself.' The man asked: 'Inform me about faith?' He answered: 'Faith is believing in Allah, His angels, His books, His Messengers, the Last Day, and believing in destiny good or bad.' The man said: 'You are right.' He continued: 'Inform me about ihsan?' He answered: 'Worship Allah as if seeing Him if not, indeed He sees you.' The man asked: 'Inform me about the Hour?' He answered: 'The questioned knows no more than the questioner.' The man asked: 'Then inform me of its signs?' He answered: 'When a slave gives birth to her master, and you see barefoot (poor) sheep herders competing in tall buildings.' Umar said: 'The man left, and I stayed silent for three days. Then he said: 'O Umar, do you know who the questioner was?' I replied: 'Allah and His Messenger know best.' He said: 'That was Gabriel he came to teach you your religion matters.'' Narrated to us by Musaddad, he said: Narrated to us by Yahya from Utsman bin Ghiyats, he said: Narrated to me by Abdullah bin Buraidah from Yahya bin Ya'mar and Humaid bin Abdurrahman, both said: 'We met Abdullah bin Umar, then we told him about destiny and what people say about it... then he mentioned like that hadith. But he added, he said: 'Then a man from Muzainah or Juhainah asked the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him: 'O Messenger of Allah, how should we act? Based on past destiny or something new?' He answered: 'Based on what has been established.' The man, or some people, asked: 'Then why act?' He answered: 'Indeed, people of paradise are eased to do paradise dwellers' deeds, and people of hell are eased to do hell dwellers' deeds.'' Narrated to us by Mahmud bin Khalid, he said: Narrated to us by Al Firyabi from Sufyan, he said: Narrated to us by Alqamah bin Martsad from Sulaiman bin Buraidah from Ibnu Ya'mar with the same hadith, 'increasing and decreasing.' He asked: 'What is Islam?' He answered: 'Establishing prayer, paying zakat, performing Hajj, fasting Ramadan, and bathing from major impurity.' Abu Dawud said: 'Alqamah is a Murji'ah.'