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حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عَطَاءَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ اللَّيْثِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ قَالَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا أَتَيْتُمْ الْغَائِطَ فَلَا تَسْتَقْبِلُوا الْقِبْلَةَ بِغَائِطٍ وَلَا بَوْلٍ وَلَا تَسْتَدْبِرُوهَا وَلَكِنْ شَرِّقُوا أَوْ غَرِّبُواقَالَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ فَقَدِمْنَا الشَّامَ فَوَجَدْنَا مَرَاحِيضَ قَدْ بُنِيَتْ مُسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةِ فَنَنْحَرِفُ عَنْهَا وَنَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِي الْبَاب عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ جَزْءٍ الزُّبَيْدِيِّ وَمَعْقِلِ بْنِ أَبِي الْهَيْثَمِ وَيُقَالُ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ أَبِي مَعْقِلٍ وَأَبِي أُمَامَةَ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَسَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ أَحْسَنُ شَيْءٍ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ وَأَصَحُّ وَأَبُو أَيُّوبَ اسْمُهُ خَالِدُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ وَالزُّهْرِيُّ اسْمُهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ وَكُنْيَتُهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَالَ أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الْمَكِّيُّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ الشَّافِعِيُّ إِنَّمَا مَعْنَى قَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا تَسْتَقْبِلُوا الْقِبْلَةَ بِغَائِطٍ وَلَا بِبَوْلٍ وَلَا تَسْتَدْبِرُوهَا إِنَّمَا هَذَا فِي الْفَيَافِي وَأَمَّا فِي الْكُنُفِ الْمَبْنِيَّةِ لَهُ رُخْصَةٌ فِي أَنْ يَسْتَقْبِلَهَا وَهَكَذَا قَالَ إِسْحَقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ و قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ إِنَّمَا الرُّخْصَةُ مِنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي اسْتِدْبَارِ الْقِبْلَةِ بِغَائِطٍ أَوْ بَوْلٍ وَأَمَّا اسْتِقْبَالُ الْقِبْلَةِ فَلَا يَسْتَقْبِلُهَا كَأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَرَ فِي الصَّحْرَاءِ وَلَا فِي الْكُنُفِ أَنْ يَسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةَ

Narrated to us [Sa’id bin ‘Abdurrahman Al-Makhzumi], he said: narrated to us [Sufyan bin ‘Uyaynah] from [Az-Zuhri] from [‘Ata’ bin Yazid Al-Laythi] from [Abu Ayyub Al-Ansari]: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s peace be upon him, said: "When you relieve yourselves, do not face the Qibla nor turn your backs to it—whether defecating or urinating. Rather, face east or west." Abu Ayyub said: "When we arrived in Sham we found their lavatories built facing the Qibla, so we turned away from them and sought Allah’s forgiveness." Abu Isa said: "In this chapter there are also narrations from ‘Abdullah bin Al-Harith bin Jaz’ Az-Zubaydi, Ma’qil bin Abi Al-Haytham—also called Ma’qil bin Abi Umamah—Abu Hurairah and Sahl bin Hunayf." Abu Isa said: "In this chapter the hadith of Abu Ayyub is the best and most authentic. Abu Ayyub’s name is Khalid bin Zayd: Az-Zuhri’s name is Muhammad bin Muslim bin ‘Ubaydillah bin Shihab Az-Zuhri, nicknamed Abu Bakr." Abu Al-Walid Al-Makki said: Abu ‘Abdullah Muhammad bin Idris Ash-Shafi’i said: "The meaning of the Prophet’s words ‘Do not face the Qibla nor turn your backs to it when defecating or urinating’ applies in open areas. As for inside enclosed buildings, there is leniency to face the Qibla." Ishaq bin Ibrahim said the same. Ahmad bin Hanbal, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "The leniency granted by the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, when defecating or urinating is only for turning one’s back to it: facing it remains prohibited." It seems Imam Ahmad did not differentiate between open desert and enclosed buildings regarding facing the Qibla.