Imam Tirmidzi (الإمام الترمذي) - 3891 Hadith
ABOMINATION IS THE KEY TO PRAYER
Imam Tirmidzi : 1
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ عَنْ سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ ح و حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ عَنْ سِمَاكٍ عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَعَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا تُقْبَلُ صَلَاةٌ بِغَيْرِ طُهُورٍ وَلَا صَدَقَةٌ مِنْ غُلُولٍقَالَ هَنَّادٌ فِي حَدِيثِهِ إِلَّا بِطُهُورٍ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ أَصَحُّ شَيْءٍ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ وَأَحْسَنُ وَفِي الْبَاب عَنْ أَبِي الْمَلِيحِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَأَنَسٍ وَأَبُو الْمَلِيحِ بْنُ أُسَامَةَ اسْمُهُ عَامِرٌ وَيُقَالُ زَيْدُ بْنُ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ الْهُذَلِيُّ
Narrated to us [Qutaibah bin Sa'id], he said: narrated to us [Abu Awanah] from [Simak bin Harb]: and narrated to us [Hannad], he said: narrated to us [Waki'] from [Israil] from [Simak] from [Mush'ab bin Sa'd] from [Ibn Umar] from the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, he said: "The prayer performed without purification will not be accepted, and charity from stolen wealth will not be accepted." Hannad mentioned in his narration: "without purification." Abu Isa said: "This hadith is the most authentic and best in this chapter." In this chapter there are also narrations from Abu Al-Malih from his father, and from Abu Hurairah and Anas. And Abu Al-Malih bin Usamah’s name is Amir: he is also called Zaid bin Usamah bin Umair Al-Hudhali.
REWARDS OF ABOVEMENT AND REMOVAL OF SINS
Imam Tirmidzi : 2
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَقُ بْنُ مُوسَى الْأَنْصَارِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا مَعْنُ بْنُ عِيسَى الْقَزَّازُ حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ ح و حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنْ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا تَوَضَّأَ الْعَبْدُ الْمُسْلِمُ أَوْ الْمُؤْمِنُ فَغَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ خَرَجَتْ مِنْ وَجْهِهِ كُلُّ خَطِيئَةٍ نَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا بِعَيْنَيْهِ مَعَ الْمَاءِ أَوْ مَعَ آخِرِ قَطْرِ الْمَاءِ أَوْ نَحْوَ هَذَا وَإِذَا غَسَلَ يَدَيْهِ خَرَجَتْ مِنْ يَدَيْهِ كُلُّ خَطِيئَةٍ بَطَشَتْهَا يَدَاهُ مَعَ الْمَاءِ أَوْ مَعَ آخِرِ قَطْرِ الْمَاءِ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ نَقِيًّا مِنْ الذُّنُوبِقَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ وَهُوَ حَدِيثُ مَالِكٍ عَنْ سُهَيْلٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَأَبُو صَالِحٍ وَالِدُ سُهَيْلٍ هُوَ أَبُو صَالِحٍ السَّمَّانُ وَاسْمُهُ ذَكْوَانُ وَأَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ اخْتُلِفَ فِي اسْمِهِ فَقَالُوا عَبْدُ شَمْسٍ وَقَالُوا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو وَهَكَذَا قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَعِيلَ وَهُوَ الْأَصَحُّ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِي الْبَاب عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ وَثَوْبَانَ وَالصُّنَابِحِيِّ وَعَمْرِو بْنِ عَبَسَةَ وَسَلْمَانَ وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَالصُّنَابِحِيُّ الَّذِي رَوَى عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ لَيْسَ لَهُ سَمَاعٌ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاسْمُهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عُسَيْلَةَ وَيُكْنَى أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَحَلَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُبِضَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ فِي الطَّرِيقِ وَقَدْ رَوَى عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَحَادِيثَ وَالصُّنَابِحُ بْنُ الْأَعْسَرِ الْأَحْمَسِيُّ صَاحِبُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُقَالُ لَهُ الصُّنَابِحِيُّ أَيْضًا وَإِنَّمَا حَدِيثُهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ إِنِّي مُكَاثِرٌ بِكُمْ الْأُمَمَ فَلَا تَقْتَتِلُنَّ بَعْدِي
Narrated to us [Ishaq bin Musa Al-Anshari], he said: narrated to us [Ma'n bin Isa Al-Qazzaz], he said: narrated to us [Malik bin Anas]. From another chain: and narrated to us [Qutaibah] from [Malik] from [Suhail bin Abi Salih] from his father from [Abu Hurairah]: the Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s peace be upon him, said: "When a Muslim—or a believer—performs ablution and washes his face, every sin he committed with his eyes comes out with the water, or with the last drop of water. When he washes his hands, every sin committed by his hands comes out with the water, or with the last drop of water, until he emerges free of sin." Abu Isa said: "This is a hasan sahih hadith, namely the narration of Malik from Suhail from his father from Abu Hurairah. Abu Salih, the father of Suhail, is Abu Salih As-Samman, and his name is Dhakwan. The name of Abu Hurairah himself is disputed: some say ‘Abd Shams, some say ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr, and the like. Muhammad bin Isma’il said: ‘The most correct is the latter.’" Abu Isa said: "In this chapter there are also narrations from ‘Uthman bin ‘Affan, Thawban, Ash-Shunabihi, ‘Umar bin Abasah, Salman, ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr, and Ash-Shunabihi who narrated from Abu Bakr As-Siddiq—though he did not hear directly from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s peace be upon him. His name is ‘Abdurrahman bin ‘Usaylah, nicknamed Abu ‘Abdullah. He set out to meet the Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s peace be upon him, but the Prophet had passed away while he was still en route. He has narrated several hadiths from the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him. Ash-Shunabi Ibn Al-A’sar Al-Ahmassi was a Companion of the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him: he is also called Ash-Shunabihi. The hadith he narrated is: ‘I heard the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, say: “I shall make my Ummah numerous, so never kill one another after I am gone.”’"
ABOMINATION IS THE KEY TO PRAYER (ANOTHER VERSION)
Imam Tirmidzi : 3
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ وَهَنَّادٌ وَمَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ ح و حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَنَفِيَّةِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّعَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مِفْتَاحُ الصَّلَاةِ الطُّهُورُ وَتَحْرِيمُهَا التَّكْبِيرُ وَتَحْلِيلُهَا التَّسْلِيمُقَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ أَصَحُّ شَيْءٍ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ وَأَحْسَنُ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ هُوَ صَدُوقٌ وَقَدْ تَكَلَّمَ فِيهِ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ قِبَلِ حِفْظِهِ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى و سَمِعْت مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْمَعِيلَ يَقُولُ كَانَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ وَإِسْحَقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَالْحُمَيْدِيُّ يَحْتَجُّونَ بِحَدِيثِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ وَهُوَ مُقَارِبُ الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِي الْبَاب عَنْ جَابِرٍ وَأَبِي سَعِيدٍ
Narrated to us [Qutaibah], [Hannad] and [Mahmud bin Ghaylan]: they said: narrated to us [Waki'] from [Sufyan]. From another chain: narrated to us [Muhammad bin Bashar], he said: narrated to us [‘Abdurrahman bin Mahdi], he said: narrated to us [Sufyan] from [‘Abdullah bin Muhammad bin ‘Aqil] from [Muhammad Ibn Al-Hanafiyyah] from [‘Ali] from the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, he said: "The key to prayer is purification: its prohibition is the takbir: and its permission is the salam." Abu Isa said: "This hadith is the most authentic and best in this chapter. ‘Abdullah bin Muhammad bin ‘Aqil is trustworthy, though some scholars have questioned his memory. I heard Muhammad bin Isma’il say: ‘Ahmad bin Hanbal, Ishaq bin Ibrahim and Al-Humaydi used the hadiths of ‘Abdullah bin Muhammad bin ‘Aqil as evidence. Muhammad said: Their eras were close.’ In this chapter there are also narrations from Jabir and Abu Sa’id."
THE KEY TO HEAVEN IS PRAYER
Imam Tirmidzi : 4
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ زَنْجَوَيْهِ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ قَرْمٍ عَنْ أَبِي يَحْيَى الْقَتَّاتِ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِفْتَاحُ الْجَنَّةِ الصَّلَاةُ وَمِفْتَاحُ الصَّلَاةِ الْوُضُوءُ
Narrated to us [Abu Bakr Muhammad bin Zanjawayh Al-Baghdadi]—and more than one narrator—said: narrated to us [Husayn bin Muhammad], he said: narrated to us [Sulayman bin Qarm] from [Abu Yahya Al-Qattat] from [Mujahid] from [Jabir bin ‘Abdullah], may Allah be pleased with both of them: the Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s peace be upon him, said: "The key to Paradise is prayer, and the key to prayer is ablution."
PRAYER WHEN ENTERING THE TOILET
Imam Tirmidzi : 5
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ وَهَنَّادٌ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ صُهَيْبٍ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا دَخَلَ الْخَلَاءَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ قَالَ شُعْبَةُ وَقَدْ قَالَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ الْخُبْثِ وَالْخَبِيثِ أَوْ الْخُبُثِ وَالْخَبَائِثِقَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِي الْبَاب عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَزَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ وَجَابِرٍ وَابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ أَنَسٍ أَصَحُّ شَيْءٍ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ وَأَحْسَنُ وَحَدِيثُ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ فِي إِسْنَادِهِ اضْطِرَابٌ رَوَى هِشَامٌ الدَّسْتُوَائِيُّ وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ فَقَالَ سَعِيدٌ عَنْ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ الشَّيْبَانِيِّ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ و قَالَ هِشَامٌ الدَّسْتُوَائِيُّ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ وَرَوَاهُ شُعْبَةُ وَمَعْمَرٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ النَّضْرِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ فَقَالَ شُعْبَةُ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ وَقَالَ مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ النَّضْرِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى سَأَلْتُ مُحَمَّدًا عَنْ هَذَا فَقَالَ يُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَتَادَةُ رَوَى عَنْهُمَا جَمِيعًا
Narrated to us [Qutaibah] and [Hannad]: they said: narrated to us [Waki'] from [Shu’bah] from [‘Abdul ‘Aziz bin Suhayb] from [Anas bin Malik]: Whenever the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, was about to enter the lavatory he would say: "ALLAHUMMA INNI A‘UDHU BIKA." Shu’bah said: "At another time he would say: A‘UDHU BIKA MIN AL-KHUBTHI WA AL-KHABA’ITH or AL-KHUBUTSI WA AL-KHABA’ITH." Abu Isa said: "In this chapter there are also narrations from ‘Ali, Zayd bin Arqam, Jabir and Ibn Mas’ud." Abu Isa said: "The hadith of Anas is the most authentic and best in this chapter. The chain of Zayd bin Arqam contains confusion. This hadith was also narrated by Hisham Ad-Dastuwa’i and Sa’id bin Abi ‘Arubah from Qatadah. Sa’id narrated it from Al-Qasim bin ‘Awf Ash-Shaybani from Zayd bin Arqam: Hisham Ad-Dastuwa’i narrated it from Qatadah from Zayd bin Arqam: while Shu’bah and Ma’mar narrated it from Qatadah from An-Nadr bin Anas. Shu’bah mentioned it from Zayd bin Arqam: Ma’mar mentioned it from An-Nadr bin Anas from his father from the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him. I asked Muhammad about these narrations, and he replied: ‘It is still possible that Qatadah narrated from both.’"
PRAYER WHEN ENTERING THE TOILET (OTHER VERSION)
Imam Tirmidzi : 6
أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدَةَ الضَّبِّيُّ الْبَصْرِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ صُهَيْبٍ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ إِذَا دَخَلَ الْخَلَاءَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ الْخُبْثِ وَالْخَبَائِثِقَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ
Narrated to us [Ahmad bin ‘Abdah Ad-Dulabi Al-Basri], he said: narrated to us [Hammad bin Zayd] from [‘Abdul ‘Aziz bin Suhayb] from [Anas bin Malik]: "Whenever the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, entered the lavatory he would say: ALLAHUMMA INNI A‘UDHU BIKA MIN AL-KHUBUTSI WA AL-KHABA’ITH." Abu Isa said: "This is a hasan sahih hadith."
PRAYER AFTER LEAVING THE TOILET
Imam Tirmidzi : 7
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَعِيلَ حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكُ بْنُ إِسْمَعِيلَ عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ بْنِ يُونُسَ عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْكَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا خَرَجَ مِنْ الْخَلَاءِ قَالَ غُفْرَانَكَقَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ لَا نَعْرِفُهُ إِلَّا مِنْ حَدِيثِ إِسْرَائِيلَ عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ وَأَبُو بُرْدَةَ بْنُ أَبِي مُوسَى اسْمُهُ عَامِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ وَلَا نَعْرِفُ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ إِلَّا حَدِيثَ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
Narrated to us [Muhammad bin Isma’il], he said: narrated to us [Malik bin Isma’il] from [Isra’il bin Yunus] from [Yusuf bin Abi Burdah] from his father from [‘A’ishah], may Allah be pleased with her: "Whenever the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, came out of the lavatory he would say: GHUFRAANAK." Abu Isa said: "This hadith is hasan gharib: we know it only through the narration of Isra’il from Yusuf bin Abi Burdah. Abu Burdah bin Abi Musa’s name is ‘Amir bin ‘Abdullah bin Qays Al-Ash’ari. In this chapter we know only the hadith of ‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, from the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him."
PROHIBITION FACING THE QIBLA WHEN DEFECATING
Imam Tirmidzi : 8
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عَطَاءَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ اللَّيْثِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ قَالَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا أَتَيْتُمْ الْغَائِطَ فَلَا تَسْتَقْبِلُوا الْقِبْلَةَ بِغَائِطٍ وَلَا بَوْلٍ وَلَا تَسْتَدْبِرُوهَا وَلَكِنْ شَرِّقُوا أَوْ غَرِّبُواقَالَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ فَقَدِمْنَا الشَّامَ فَوَجَدْنَا مَرَاحِيضَ قَدْ بُنِيَتْ مُسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةِ فَنَنْحَرِفُ عَنْهَا وَنَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِي الْبَاب عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ جَزْءٍ الزُّبَيْدِيِّ وَمَعْقِلِ بْنِ أَبِي الْهَيْثَمِ وَيُقَالُ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ أَبِي مَعْقِلٍ وَأَبِي أُمَامَةَ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَسَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ أَحْسَنُ شَيْءٍ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ وَأَصَحُّ وَأَبُو أَيُّوبَ اسْمُهُ خَالِدُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ وَالزُّهْرِيُّ اسْمُهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ وَكُنْيَتُهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَالَ أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الْمَكِّيُّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ الشَّافِعِيُّ إِنَّمَا مَعْنَى قَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا تَسْتَقْبِلُوا الْقِبْلَةَ بِغَائِطٍ وَلَا بِبَوْلٍ وَلَا تَسْتَدْبِرُوهَا إِنَّمَا هَذَا فِي الْفَيَافِي وَأَمَّا فِي الْكُنُفِ الْمَبْنِيَّةِ لَهُ رُخْصَةٌ فِي أَنْ يَسْتَقْبِلَهَا وَهَكَذَا قَالَ إِسْحَقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ و قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ إِنَّمَا الرُّخْصَةُ مِنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي اسْتِدْبَارِ الْقِبْلَةِ بِغَائِطٍ أَوْ بَوْلٍ وَأَمَّا اسْتِقْبَالُ الْقِبْلَةِ فَلَا يَسْتَقْبِلُهَا كَأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَرَ فِي الصَّحْرَاءِ وَلَا فِي الْكُنُفِ أَنْ يَسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةَ
Narrated to us [Sa’id bin ‘Abdurrahman Al-Makhzumi], he said: narrated to us [Sufyan bin ‘Uyaynah] from [Az-Zuhri] from [‘Ata’ bin Yazid Al-Laythi] from [Abu Ayyub Al-Ansari]: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s peace be upon him, said: "When you relieve yourselves, do not face the Qibla nor turn your backs to it—whether defecating or urinating. Rather, face east or west." Abu Ayyub said: "When we arrived in Sham we found their lavatories built facing the Qibla, so we turned away from them and sought Allah’s forgiveness." Abu Isa said: "In this chapter there are also narrations from ‘Abdullah bin Al-Harith bin Jaz’ Az-Zubaydi, Ma’qil bin Abi Al-Haytham—also called Ma’qil bin Abi Umamah—Abu Hurairah and Sahl bin Hunayf." Abu Isa said: "In this chapter the hadith of Abu Ayyub is the best and most authentic. Abu Ayyub’s name is Khalid bin Zayd: Az-Zuhri’s name is Muhammad bin Muslim bin ‘Ubaydillah bin Shihab Az-Zuhri, nicknamed Abu Bakr." Abu Al-Walid Al-Makki said: Abu ‘Abdullah Muhammad bin Idris Ash-Shafi’i said: "The meaning of the Prophet’s words ‘Do not face the Qibla nor turn your backs to it when defecating or urinating’ applies in open areas. As for inside enclosed buildings, there is leniency to face the Qibla." Ishaq bin Ibrahim said the same. Ahmad bin Hanbal, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "The leniency granted by the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, when defecating or urinating is only for turning one’s back to it: facing it remains prohibited." It seems Imam Ahmad did not differentiate between open desert and enclosed buildings regarding facing the Qibla.
CHANGE IN PRACTICE OF FACING THE QIBLA WHEN URINATING
Imam Tirmidzi : 9
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَقَ عَنْ أَبَانَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَنَهَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ نَسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةَ بِبَوْلٍ فَرَأَيْتُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْبَضَ بِعَامٍ يَسْتَقْبِلُهَاوَفِي الْبَاب عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ وَعَائِشَةَ وَعَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ جَابِرٍ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ
Narrated to us [Muhammad bin Bashar] and [Muhammad bin Al-Muthanna]: both said: narrated to us [Wahb bin Jarir], he said: narrated to us my father from [Muhammad bin Ishaq] from [‘Aban bin Salih] from [Mujahid] from [Jabir bin ‘Abdullah]: "The Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, forbade facing the Qibla while urinating, yet I saw him a year before his death facing the Qibla." In this chapter there are also narrations from Abu Qatadah, ‘A’ishah and ‘Ammar bin Yasir. Abu Isa said: "In this chapter the hadith of Jabir is hasan gharib." This hadith was also narrated by [Ibn Lahi’ah] from [Abu Zubayr] from [Jabir] from [Abu Qatadah] that he saw the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, urinating while facing the Qibla. [Qutaibah] narrated it to us thus: "Ibn Lahi’ah narrated to us." The hadith of Jabir from the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, is more authentic than that of Ibn Lahi’ah, for Ibn Lahi’ah is weak according to the hadith scholars: Yahya bin Sa’id Al-Qattan and others weakened him due to his memory.
THE WEAKNESS OF THE HADITH CONCERNING Urination ON THE QIBLAT
Imam Tirmidzi : 10
وَقَدْ رَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَأَنَّهُ رَأَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَبُولُ مُسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةِحَدَّثَنَا بِذَلِكَ قُتَيْبَةُ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ وَحَدِيثُ جَابِرٍ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَصَحُّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ لَهِيعَةَ وَابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ ضَعِيفٌ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ ضَعَّفَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانُ وَغَيْرُهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ حِفْظِهِ
And this hadith has been narrated by [Ibn Lahi'ah], from [Abu Az-Zubair], from [Jabir], from [Abu Qatadah], that he saw the Prophet, may Allah's peace be upon him, urinating while facing the Qibla." [Qutaibah] narrated this to us, saying: "Ibn Lahi'ah narrated to us." The hadith of Jabir narrated from the Prophet, may Allah's peace be upon him, is more authentic (sahih) than the hadith of Ibn Lahi'ah, because Ibn Lahi'ah is weak according to the hadith scholars: Imam Yahya bin Sa'id Al-Qaththan and others declared him weak (dha'if) due to his memory.
THE PROPHET CANCELS FACING THE DIRECTION OF SHAM
Imam Tirmidzi : 11
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدَةُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَبَّانَ عَنْ عَمِّهِ وَاسِعِ بْنِ حَبَّانَ عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَرَقِيتُ يَوْمًا عَلَى بَيْتِ حَفْصَةَ فَرَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى حَاجَتِهِ مُسْتَقْبِلَ الشَّامِ مُسْتَدْبِرَ الْكَعْبَةِقَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ
Narrated to us [Hannad], he said: narrated to us [‘Abdah bin Sulayman] from [‘Ubaydullah bin ‘Umar] from [Muhammad bin Yahya bin Habban] from his uncle [Wasi’ bin Habban] from [Ibn ‘Umar]: "One day I climbed onto the roof of Hafsah’s house and saw the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, relieving himself facing Sham while turning his back to the Ka’bah." Abu Isa said: "This hadith is hasan sahih."
THE PROPHET DIDN'T PEE STANDING UP
Imam Tirmidzi : 12
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ أَخْبَرَنَا شَرِيكٌ عَنْ الْمِقْدَامِ بْنِ شُرَيْحٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْمَنْ حَدَّثَكُمْ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَبُولُ قَائِمًا فَلَا تُصَدِّقُوهُ مَا كَانَ يَبُولُ إِلَّا قَاعِدًاقَالَ وَفِي الْبَاب عَنْ عُمَرَ وَبُرَيْدَةَ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَسَنَةَ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ عَائِشَةَ أَحْسَنُ شَيْءٍ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ وَأَصَحُّ وَحَدِيثُ عُمَرَ إِنَّمَا رُوِيَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْمُخَارِقِ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ عُمَرَ قَالَ رَآنِي النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَنَا أَبُولُ قَائِمًا فَقَالَ يَا عُمَرُ لَا تَبُلْ قَائِمًا فَمَا بُلْتُ قَائِمًا بَعْدُ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَإِنَّمَا رَفَعَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَبْدُ الْكَرِيمِ بْنُ أَبِي الْمُخَارِقِ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ ضَعَّفَهُ أَيُّوبُ السَّخْتِيَانِيُّ وَتَكَلَّمَ فِيهِ وَرَوَى عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ قَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ مَا بُلْتُ قَائِمًا مُنْذُ أَسْلَمْتُ وَهَذَا أَصَحُّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ وَحَدِيثُ بُرَيْدَةَ فِي هَذَا غَيْرُ مَحْفُوظٍ وَمَعْنَى النَّهْيِ عَنْ الْبَوْلِ قَائِمًا عَلَى التَّأْدِيبِ لَا عَلَى التَّحْرِيمِ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ إِنَّ مِنْ الْجَفَاءِ أَنْ تَبُولَ وَأَنْتَ قَائِمٌ
Narrated to us [‘Ali bin Hujr], he said: informed us [Sharik] from [Al-Miqdam bin Shurayh] from his father from [‘A’ishah]: "Whoever tells you that the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, urinated while standing—do not believe him: he only urinated while sitting." In this chapter there are also narrations from ‘Umar, Buraydah and ‘Abdurrahman bin Hasanah. Abu Isa said: "The hadith of ‘A’ishah is the best and most authentic in this chapter. The hadith of ‘Umar is narrated via ‘Abdul Karim bin Abil-Mukhariq from Nafi’ from Ibn ‘Umar from ‘Umar: ‘The Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, saw me urinating while standing and said: “O ‘Umar, do not urinate standing.” Thereafter I never urinated standing again.’ The one who raised this hadith to the Prophet is only ‘Abdul Karim bin Abil-Mukhariq, and he is weak according to the hadith scholars. Abu Ayyub As-Sikhtiyani also weakened and criticised him." ‘Ubaydullah narrated from Nafi’ from Ibn ‘Umar: "‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said: ‘I have never urinated standing since I embraced Islam.’" This narration is more authentic than that of ‘Abdul Karim. The hadith of Buraydah in this chapter is not mahfuz. The prohibition of urinating while standing concerns etiquette, not absolute prohibition. It is narrated from ‘Abdullah bin Mas’ud: "It is among the worst manners to urinate while standing."
PEE WHILE STANDING
Imam Tirmidzi : 13
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَتَى سُبَاطَةَ قَوْمٍ فَبَالَ عَلَيْهَا قَائِمًا فَأَتَيْتُهُ بِوَضُوءٍ فَذَهَبْتُ لِأَتَأَخَّرَ عَنْهُ فَدَعَانِي حَتَّى كُنْتُ عِنْدَ عَقِبَيْهِ فَتَوَضَّأَ وَمَسَحَ عَلَى خُفَّيْهِقَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى و سَمِعْت الْجَارُودَ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ وَكِيعًا يُحَدِّثُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَكِيعٌ هَذَا أَصَحُّ حَدِيثٍ رُوِيَ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الْمَسْحِ و سَمِعْت أَبَا عَمَّارٍ الْحُسَيْنَ بْنَ حُرَيْثٍ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ وَكِيعًا فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَهَكَذَا رَوَى مَنْصُورٌ وَعُبَيْدَةُ الضَّبِّيُّ عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ مِثْلَ رِوَايَةِ الْأَعْمَشِ وَرَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ أَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ وَعَاصِمُ بْنُ بَهْدَلَةَ عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ عَنْ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَحَدِيثُ أَبِي وَائِلٍ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ أَصَحُّ وَقَدْ رَخَّصَ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ فِي الْبَوْلِ قَائِمًا قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَعَبِيدَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو السَّلْمَانِيُّ رَوَى عَنْهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ النَّخَعِيُّ وَعَبِيدَةُ مِنْ كِبَارِ التَّابِعِينَ يُرْوَى عَنْ عَبِيدَةَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ أَسْلَمْتُ قَبْلَ وَفَاةِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِسَنَتَيْنِ وَعُبَيْدَةُ الضَّبِّيُّ صَاحِبُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ هُوَ عُبَيْدَةُ بْنُ مُعَتِّبٍ الضَّبِّيُّ وَيُكْنَى أَبَا عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ
Narrated to us [Hannad], he said: narrated to us [Waki'] from [Al-A’mash] from [Abu Wa’il] from [Hudhayfah]: "The Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, went to a rubbish dump of a people and urinated while standing. I moved away, but he called me until I stood behind him. Then he performed ablution and wiped over his leather socks." Abu Isa said: "I heard Al-Jarud say: ‘I heard Waki’ narrate this hadith from Al-A’mash, then Waki’ said: “This is the most authentic hadith narrated from the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, concerning wiping over leather socks.” I also heard Abu ‘Ammar Al-Husayn bin Hurayth say: I heard Waki’ mention the same.’" Abu Isa said: "Mansur and ‘Ubaydah Ad-Dulabi narrated it from Abu Wa’il from Hudhayfah exactly as Al-A’mash did. Hammad bin Abi Sulayman and ‘Asim bin Bahdalah narrated it from Abu Wa’il from Al-Mughirah bin Shu’bah from the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him. But the hadith of Abu Wa’il from Hudhayfah is the most authentic. Some scholars have given leniency for urinating while standing." Abu Isa said: "Ibrahim An-Nakha’i narrated from ‘Abidah bin ‘Amr As-Salmani—and ‘Abidah is among the senior Tabi’in. It is reported that ‘Abidah said: ‘I embraced Islam two years before the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, passed away.’ ‘Ubaydah Ad-Dulabi was a companion of Ibrahim, namely ‘Ubaydah bin Mu’attib Ad-Dulabi, nicknamed Abu ‘Abdul Karim."
THE PROPHET DID NOT LIFT THE CLOTH WHEN DEFENDING
Imam Tirmidzi : 14
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ السَّلَامِ بْنُ حَرْبٍ الْمُلَائِيُّ عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا أَرَادَ الْحَاجَةَ لَمْ يَرْفَعْ ثَوْبَهُ حَتَّى يَدْنُوَ مِنْ الْأَرْضِقَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَكَذَا رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ وَرَوَى وَكِيعٌ وَأَبُو يَحْيَى الْحِمَّانِيُّ عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ قَالَ قَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا أَرَادَ الْحَاجَةَ لَمْ يَرْفَعْ ثَوْبَهُ حَتَّى يَدْنُوَ مِنْ الْأَرْضِ وَكِلَا الْحَدِيثَيْنِ مُرْسَلٌ وَيُقَالُ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ الْأَعْمَشُ مِنْ أَنَسٍ وَلَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَدْ نَظَرَ إِلَى أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ رَأَيْتُهُ يُصَلِّي فَذَكَرَ عَنْهُ حِكَايَةً فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَالْأَعْمَشُ اسْمُهُ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْكَاهِلِيُّ وَهُوَ مَوْلًى لَهُمْ قَالَ الْأَعْمَشُ كَانَ أَبِي حَمِيلًا فَوَرَّثَهُ مَسْرُوقٌ
Narrated to us [Qutaibah bin Sa’id], he said: narrated to us [‘Abdus-Salam bin Harb Al-Mula’i] from [Al-A’mash] from [Anas]: "Whenever the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, wished to relieve himself he would not lift his garment until it nearly touched the ground." Abu Isa said: "Muhammad bin Rabi’ah narrated this hadith from Al-A’mash from Anas. Waki’ and Abu Yahya Al-Himmani narrated from Al-A’mash: ‘Ibn ‘Umar said: “Whenever the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, wished to relieve himself he would not lift his garment until it nearly touched the ground.”’ Both narrations are mursal. It is also said that Al-A’mash did not hear from Anas nor from any Companion of the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him. He saw Anas bin Malik and said: ‘I saw Anas praying,’ then narrated about prayer from him. Al-A’mash’s name is Sulayman bin Mihran Abu Muhammad Al-Kahili: he was a freed slave of Banu Kahil. Al-A’mash said: ‘My father had a child in the womb that was later inherited by Masruq.’"
PROHIBITION TO TOUCH THE genitals WITH THE RIGHT HAND
Imam Tirmidzi : 15
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ الْمَكِّيُّ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى أَنْ يَمَسَّ الرَّجُلُ ذَكَرَهُ بِيَمِينِهِوَفِي هَذَا الْبَاب عَنْ عَائِشَةَ وَسَلْمَانَ وَأبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَسَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ وَأَبُو قَتَادَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ اسْمُهُ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ رِبْعِيٍّ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ عَامَّةِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ كَرِهُوا الِاسْتِنْجَاءَ بِالْيَمِينِ
Narrated to us [Muhammad bin Abi ‘Umar Al-Makki], he said: narrated to us [Sufyan bin ‘Uyaynah] from [Ma’mar] from [Yahya bin Abi Kathir] from [‘Abdullah bin Abi Qatadah] from his father: "The Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, forbade a man from touching his private part with his right hand." In this chapter there are also narrations from ‘A’ishah, Salman, Abu Hurairah and Sahl bin Hunayf. Abu Isa said: "This hadith is hasan sahih." Abu Qatadah Al-Ansari’s name is Al-Harith Ar-Rabi’i. The scholars apply this hadith as makruh to perform istinja’ with the right hand.
PROCEDURES FOR DEFENSE ACCORDING TO THE PROPHET
Imam Tirmidzi : 16
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ قِيلَ لِسَلْمَانَقَدْ عَلَّمَكُمْ نَبِيُّكُمْ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ حَتَّى الْخِرَاءَةَ فَقَالَ سَلْمَانُ أَجَلْ نَهَانَا أَنْ نَسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةَ بِغَائِطٍ أَوْ بَوْلٍ وَأَنْ نَسْتَنْجِيَ بِالْيَمِينِ أَوْ أَنْ يَسْتَنْجِيَ أَحَدُنَا بِأَقَلَّ مِنْ ثَلَاثَةِ أَحْجَارٍ أَوْ أَنْ نَسْتَنْجِيَ بِرَجِيعٍ أَوْ بِعَظْمٍقَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِي الْبَاب عَنْ عَائِشَةَ وَخُزَيْمَةَ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ وَجَابِرٍ وَخَلَّادِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَحَدِيثُ سَلْمَانَ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمَنْ بَعْدَهُمْ رَأَوْا أَنَّ الِاسْتِنْجَاءَ بِالْحِجَارَةِ يُجْزِئُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَنْجِ بِالْمَاءِ إِذَا أَنْقَى أَثَرَ الْغَائِطِ وَالْبَوْلِ وَبِهِ يَقُولُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ وَالشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَقُ
Narrated to us [Hannad], he said: narrated to us [Abu Mu’awiyah] from [Al-A’mash] from [Ibrahim] from [‘Abdurrahman bin Yazid]: "Did your Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, teach you everything—even how to relieve yourselves?" Salman replied: "Yes. He forbade us from facing the Qibla when defecating or urinating, from performing istinja’ with the right hand, from using fewer than three stones for istinja’, and from using dung or bones." In this chapter there are also narrations from ‘A’ishah, Khuzaimah bin Thabit, Jabir, Khallad bin As-Sa’ib from his father. Abu Isa said: "In this chapter the hadith of Salman is hasan sahih. This is the view of most scholars among the Companions of the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, and those after them. They held that istinja’ with stones suffices even without water, provided the stones remove the impurity. This view is held by Ath-Thawri, Ibn Al-Mubarak, Ash-Shafi’i, Ahmad and Ishaq."
PROHIBITION OF USING ANIMAL DEATS FOR ISTINJA'
Imam Tirmidzi : 17
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ وَقُتَيْبَةُ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَقَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَخَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِحَاجَتِهِ فَقَالَ الْتَمِسْ لِي ثَلَاثَةَ أَحْجَارٍ قَالَ فَأَتَيْتُهُ بِحَجَرَيْنِ وَرَوْثَةٍ فَأَخَذَ الْحَجَرَيْنِ وَأَلْقَى الرَّوْثَةَ وَقَالَ إِنَّهَا رِكْسٌقَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَهَكَذَا رَوَى قَيْسُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَقَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ نَحْوَ حَدِيثِ إِسْرَائِيلَ وَرَوَى مَعْمَرٌ وَعَمَّارُ بْنُ رُزَيْقٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَقَ عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَرَوَى زُهَيْرٌ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَقَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَرَوَى زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَقَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ فِيهِ اضْطِرَابٌ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ الْعَبْدِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ هَلْ تَذْكُرُ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا قَالَ لَا قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى سَأَلْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَيُّ الرِّوَايَاتِ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَقَ أَصَحُّ فَلَمْ يَقْضِ فِيهِ بِشَيْءٍ وَسَأَلْتُ مُحَمَّدًا عَنْ هَذَا فَلَمْ يَقْضِ فِيهِ بِشَيْءٍ وَكَأَنَّهُ رَأَى حَدِيثَ زُهَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَقَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَشْبَهَ وَوَضَعَهُ فِي كِتَابِ الْجَامِعِ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَأَصَحُّ شَيْءٍ فِي هَذَا عِنْدِي حَدِيثُ إِسْرَائِيلَ وَقَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَقَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ لِأَنَّ إِسْرَائِيلَ أَثْبَتُ وَأَحْفَظُ لِحَدِيثِ أَبِي إِسْحَقَ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ وَتَابَعَهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَيْسُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى و سَمِعْت أَبَا مُوسَى مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ الْمُثَنَّى يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ مَهْدِيٍّ يَقُولُ مَا فَاتَنِي الَّذِي فَاتَنِي مِنْ حَدِيثِ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَقَ إِلَّا لِمَا اتَّكَلْتُ بِهِ عَلَى إِسْرَائِيلَ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ يَأْتِي بِهِ أَتَمَّ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَزُهَيْرٌ فِي أَبِي إِسْحَقَ لَيْسَ بِذَاكَ لِأَنَّ سَمَاعَهُ مِنْهُ بِآخِرَةٍ قَالَ و سَمِعْت أَحْمَدَ بْنَ الْحَسَنِ التِّرْمِذِيَّ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ حَنْبَلٍ يَقُولُ إِذَا سَمِعْتَ الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ زَائِدَةَ وَزُهَيْرٍ فَلَا تُبَالِي أَنْ لَا تَسْمَعَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِهِمَا إِلَّا حَدِيثَ أَبِي إِسْحَقَ وَأَبُو إِسْحَقَ اسْمُهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ السَّبِيعِيُّ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ وَأَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْ أَبِيهِ وَلَا يُعْرَفُ اسْمُهُ
Narrated to us [Hannad] and [Qutaibah]: both said: narrated to us [Waki'] from [Isra’il] from [Abu Ishaq] from [Abu ‘Ubaydah] from [‘Abdullah]: The Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, went out to relieve himself and said: "Find me three stones." Abu ‘Ubayd said: "So I brought him two stones and a piece of dried dung. He took the two stones, threw away the dung and said: ‘It is impure.’" Abu Isa said: "Qays bin Ar-Rabi’ narrated this hadith from Abu Ishaq from Abu ‘Ubaydah from ‘Abdullah exactly as Isra’il did. Ma’mar and ‘Ammar bin Ruzayq narrated it from Abu Ishaq from Alqamah from ‘Abdullah: Zuhayr narrated it from Abu Ishaq from ‘Abdurrahman Ibn Al-Aswad from his father Al-Aswad bin Yazid from ‘Abdullah. But this hadith contains confusion." Narrated to us [Muhammad bin Bashar Al-‘Abdi], he said: narrated to us [Muhammad bin Ja’far], he said: narrated to us [Shu’bah] from [‘Amr bin Murrah]: "Do you recall anything from ‘Abdullah?" He replied: "No." Abu Isa said: "I asked ‘Abdullah bin ‘Abdurrahman: ‘Which narration is most authentic in this hadith of Abu Ishaq?’ He gave no answer. I also asked Muhammad: he gave no answer." It seems he considered the narration of Zuhayr from Abu Ishaq from ‘Abdurrahman Ibn Al-Aswad from his father from ‘Abdullah to be similar, and placed it in Al-Jami’. Abu Isa said: "In my view the most authentic in this chapter is the narration of Isra’il and Qays from Abu Ishaq from Abu ‘Ubaydah from ‘Abdullah, because Isra’il was stronger and more precise in the hadiths of Abu Ishaq than others, and Qays bin Ar-Rabi’ supports him." Abu Isa said: "I heard Abu Musa Muhammad Ibn Al-Muthanna say: I heard ‘Abdurrahman bin Mahdi say: ‘I did not lose anything from the hadiths of Sufyan Ath-Thawri from Abu Ishaq except what I retained from Isra’il, for he narrated it more perfectly.’ The narration of Zuhayr from Abu Ishaq is not like that, for he heard it at the end of his life." He said: "I heard Ahmad Ibn Al-Hasan At-Tirmidhi say: I heard Ahmad bin Hanbal say: ‘When you hear a hadith from Za’idah or Zuhayr, be content even if you do not hear it from others—except the hadiths of Abu Ishaq.’ Abu Ishaq’s name is ‘Amr bin ‘Abdullah As-Sabi’i Al-Hamdani. Abu ‘Ubaydah bin ‘Abdullah bin Mas’ud did not hear from his father, and his own name is unknown."
DO NOT REST WITH ANIMAL DUNG AND BONES
Imam Tirmidzi : 18
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي هِنْدٍ عَنْ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا تَسْتَنْجُوا بِالرَّوْثِ وَلَا بِالْعِظَامِ فَإِنَّهُ زَادُ إِخْوَانِكُمْ مِنْ الْجِنِّوَفِي الْبَاب عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَسَلْمَانَ وَجَابِرٍ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَقَدْ رَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ إِسْمَعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي هِنْدٍ عَنْ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَيْلَةَ الْجِنِّ الْحَدِيثَ بِطُولِهِ فَقَالَ الشَّعْبِيُّ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا تَسْتَنْجُوا بِالرَّوْثِ وَلَا بِالْعِظَامِ فَإِنَّهُ زَادُ إِخْوَانِكُمْ مِنْ الْجِنِّ وَكَأَنَّ رِوَايَةَ إِسْمَعِيلَ أَصَحُّ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ وَفِي الْبَاب عَنْ جَابِرٍ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا
Narrated to us [Hannad], he said: narrated to us [Hafsh bin Ghiyath] from [Dawud bin Abi Hind] from [Ash-Sha’bi] from [Alqamah] from [‘Abdullah bin Mas’ud]: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s peace be upon him, said: "Do not perform istinja’ with dung or bones, for they are the food of your brothers among the jinn." In this chapter there are also narrations from Abu Hurairah, Salman, Jabir and Ibn ‘Umar. Abu Isa said: "Isma’il bin Ibrahim and others narrated this hadith from Dawud bin Abi Hind from Ash-Sha’bi from Alqamah from ‘Abdullah: that he was with the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, on the Night of Power… (a long hadith). Ash-Sha’bi said: The Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, said: ‘Do not perform istinja’ with dung or bones, for they are the food of your brothers among the jinn.’ It seems the narration of Isma’il is more authentic than that of Hafsh bin Ghiyath. The scholars act upon this hadith. There are also narrations in this chapter from Jabir and Ibn ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with both of them."
COMMAND TO PURIFY WITH WATER
Imam Tirmidzi : 19
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَبِي الشَّوَارِبِ الْبَصْرِيُّ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ مُعَاذَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْمُرْنَ أَزْوَاجَكُنَّ أَنْ يَسْتَطِيبُوا بِالْمَاءِ فَإِنِّي أَسْتَحْيِيهِمْ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَفْعَلُهُوَفِي الْبَاب عَنْ جَرِيرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَجَلِيِّ وَأَنَسٍ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ وَعَلَيْهِ الْعَمَلُ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ يَخْتَارُونَ الِاسْتِنْجَاءَ بِالْمَاءِ وَإِنْ كَانَ الِاسْتِنْجَاءُ بِالْحِجَارَةِ يُجْزِئُ عِنْدَهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ اسْتَحَبُّوا الِاسْتِنْجَاءَ بِالْمَاءِ وَرَأَوْهُ أَفْضَلَ وَبِهِ يَقُولُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ وَالشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَقُ
Narrated to us [Qutaibah] and [Muhammad bin ‘Abdul Malik bin Abi Ash-Shawarib Al-Basri]: both said: narrated to us [Abu ‘Awanah] from [Qatadah] from [Mu’adah] from [‘A’ishah]: "Instruct your husbands to wash the private parts with water: I am shy to tell them, yet the Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s peace be upon him, did so." In this chapter there are also narrations from Jarir bin ‘Abdullah Al-Bajali, Anas and Abu Hurairah. Abu Isa said: "This hadith is hasan sahih. The people of knowledge act upon it: they prefer washing with water even though istinja’ with stones is valid in their view, and they regard water as superior. This view is held by Sufyan Ath-Thawri, Ibn Al-Mubarak, Ash-Shafi’i, Ahmad and Ishaq."
COVERING THE URINARY PLACE WHEN URINATION
Imam Tirmidzi : 20
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ الثَّقَفِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ قَالَكُنْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي سَفَرٍ فَأَتَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَاجَتَهُ فَأَبْعَدَ فِي الْمَذْهَبِقَالَ وَفِي الْبَاب عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي قُرَادٍ وَأَبِي قَتَادَةَ وَجَابِرٍ وَيَحْيَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَأَبِي مُوسَى وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَبِلَالِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ وَيُرْوَى عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَرْتَادُ لِبَوْلِهِ مَكَانًا كَمَا يَرْتَادُ مَنْزِلًا وَأَبُو سَلَمَةَ اسْمُهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ
Narrated to us [Muhammad bin Bashar], he said: narrated to us [‘Abdul Wahhab Ath-Thaqafi] from [Muhammad bin ‘Amr] from [Abu Salamah] from [Al-Mughirah bin Shu’bah]: "I was travelling with the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him: he went far away to relieve himself." In this chapter there are also narrations from ‘Abdurrahman bin Abi Qurad, Abu Qatadah, Jabir, Yahya bin ‘Ubayd from his father, Abu Musa, Ibn ‘Abbas and Bilal bin Al-Harith. Abu Isa said: "This hadith is hasan sahih. It is also narrated from the Prophet, may Allah’s peace be upon him, that he would screen himself when urinating as one screens a house. Abu Salamah’s name is ‘Abdullah bin ‘Abdurrahman bin ‘Awf Az-Zuhri."
