Hadith Representative
Larangan membaca keras bebarengan dengan imam: Rasulullah tidak ingin ada yang menyelisihi bacaan beliau dalam shalat berjamaah
Imam Tirmidzi : 287حَدَّثَنَا الْأَنْصَارِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا مَعْنٌ حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ ابْنِ أُكَيْمَةَ اللَّيْثِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ انْصَرَفَ مِنْ صَلَاةٍ جَهَرَ فِيهَا بِالْقِرَاءَةِ فَقَالَ هَلْ قَرَأَ مَعِي أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ آنِفًا فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ إِنِّي أَقُولُ مَالِي أُنَازَعُ الْقُرْآنَ قَالَ فَانْتَهَى النَّاسُ عَنْ الْقِرَاءَةِ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِيمَا جَهَرَ فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ الصَّلَوَاتِ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ حِينَ سَمِعُوا ذَلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَقَالَ وَفِي الْبَاب عَنْ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَعِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ وَجَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ وَابْنُ أُكَيْمَةَ اللَّيْثِيُّ اسْمُهُ عُمَارَةُ وَيُقَالُ عَمْرُو بْنُ أُكَيْمَةَ وَرَوَى بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِ الزُّهْرِيِّ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ وَذَكَرُوا هَذَا الْحَرْفَ قَالَ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ فَانْتَهَى النَّاسُ عَنْ الْقِرَاءَةِ حِينَ سَمِعُوا ذَلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَيْسَ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ مَا يَدْخُلُ عَلَى مَنْ رَأَى الْقِرَاءَةَ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ لِأَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ هُوَ الَّذِي رَوَى عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ وَرَوَى أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ صَلَّى صَلَاةً لَمْ يَقْرَأْ فِيهَا بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ فَهِيَ خِدَاجٌ فَهِيَ خِدَاجٌ غَيْرُ تَمَامٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ حَامِلُ الْحَدِيثِ إِنِّي أَكُونُ أَحْيَانًا وَرَاءَ الْإِمَامِ قَالَ اقْرَأْ بِهَا فِي نَفْسِكَ وَرَوَى أَبُو عُثْمَانَ النَّهْدِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ أَمَرَنِي النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ أُنَادِيَ أَنْ لَا صَلَاةَ إِلَّا بِقِرَاءَةِ فَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَاخْتَارَ أَكْثَرُ أَصْحَابِ الْحَدِيثِ أَنْ لَا يَقْرَأَ الرَّجُلُ إِذَا جَهَرَ الْإِمَامُ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ وَقَالُوا يَتَتَبَّعُ سَكَتَاتِ الْإِمَامِ وَقَدْ اخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِي الْقِرَاءَةِ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ فَرَأَى أَكْثَرُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالتَّابِعِينَ وَمَنْ بَعْدَهُمْ الْقِرَاءَةَ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ وَبِهِ يَقُولُ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ وَالشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَقُ وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ أَنَا أَقْرَأُ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ وَالنَّاسُ يَقْرَءُونَ إِلَّا قَوْمًا مِنْ الْكُوفِيِّينَ وَأَرَى أَنَّ مَنْ لَمْ يَقْرَأْ صَلَاتُهُ جَائِزَةٌ وَشَدَّدَ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ فِي تَرْكِ قِرَاءَةِ فَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَإِنْ كَانَ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ فَقَالُوا لَا تُجْزِئُ صَلَاةٌ إِلَّا بِقِرَاءَةِ فَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَحْدَهُ كَانَ أَوْ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ وَذَهَبُوا إِلَى مَا رَوَى عُبَادَةُ بْنُ الصَّامِتِ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَرَأَ عُبَادَةُ بْنُ الصَّامِتِ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ وَتَأَوَّلَ قَوْلَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا صَلَاةَ إِلَّا بِقِرَاءَةِ فَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَبِهِ يَقُولُ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَإِسْحَقُ وَغَيْرُهُمَا وَأَمَّا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ فَقَالَ مَعْنَى قَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا صَلَاةَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَقْرَأْ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ إِذَا كَانَ وَحْدَهُ وَاحْتَجَّ بِحَدِيثِ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَيْثُ قَالَ مَنْ صَلَّى رَكْعَةً لَمْ يَقْرَأْ فِيهَا بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ فَلَمْ يُصَلِّ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ وَرَاءَ الْإِمَامِ قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ فَهَذَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَأَوَّلَ قَوْلَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا صَلَاةَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَقْرَأْ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ أَنَّ هَذَا إِذَا كَانَ وَحْدَهُ وَاخْتَارَ أَحْمَدُ مَعَ هَذَا الْقِرَاءَةَ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ وَأَنْ لَا يَتْرُكَ الرَّجُلُ فَاتِحَةَ الْكِتَابِ وَإِنْ كَانَ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ
Narrated to us [Al Anshari], he said: narrated to us [Ma'n], he said: narrated to us [Malik bin Anas] from [Ibnu Syihab] from [Ibnu Ukaimah Al Laitsi] from [Abu Hurairah], he said: "The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, passed from a prayer in which the recitation was loud, then he asked: 'Did any of you recite along with me just now?' then a man said: 'Yes, O Messenger of Allah.' He said: 'Why am I competed in reciting the Qur'an!' Abu Hurairah said: 'So people stopped reciting (together) with the Messenger of Allah in prayers where the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, loudens the recitation. That is, after they heard that rebuke from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him.'" He said: "In this chapter there is also a narration from Ibnu Mas'ud, Imran bin Hushain, and Jabir bin Abdullah." Abu Isa said: "This hadith is hasan. Ibnu Ukaimah Al Laitsi's name is Umarah. Or also called 'Amru bin Ukaimah. Some companions of Az Zuhri also narrated this hadith. And they mentioned exactly as this hadith. He said: 'Az Zuhri said: "People stopped reciting when they heard the rebuke from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. In this hadith, it is not included for those who hold the permissibility of reciting behind the imam, because Abu Hurairah is the one who narrated this hadith from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. Abu Hurairah narrated from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, that he said: "Whoever performs prayer and does not recite Ummul Qur'an (Al Fatihah) in it, then his prayer is deficient, deficient and not perfect." Then the narrator of the hadith asked: "Behind the imam sometimes I (recite)," he (immediately) said: "Recite it in your heart." Abu Utsman An Nahdi narrated from Abu Hurairah, he said: "The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, commanded me to announce to people that there is no prayer for one who does not recite Fatihatul Kitab (Al Fatihah)." So hadith scholars choose the opinion that a man should not recite if the imam loudens the recitation. They said: "They follow (the recitation) when the imam pauses in breaks." Scholars differ on the ruling of reciting behind the imam, most scholars from the companions of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, the tabi'in, and those after them hold the permissibility of reciting behind the imam. This opinion is taken by Malik bin Anas, Abdullah bin Al Mubarak, Syafi'i, Ahmad, and Ishaq. It is narrated from Abdullah bin Al Mubarak that he said: "I recite and people recite behind the imam, except a group from the people of Kufah. But I also hold that one who does not recite, his prayer is still valid. Some scholars are very strict on the issue of (not permitting) leaving the recitation of Fatihatul Kitab in prayer, even if one is behind the imam, they said: "Prayer is not considered valid except with the recitation of Fatihatul Kitab. Whether praying alone or with an imam." They argue with the hadith narrated by Ubadah bin Ash Shamit from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. And Ubadah bin Ash Shamit continued to recite behind the imam after the death of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. And he interpreted the saying of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him: "There is no (perfect) prayer for one who does not recite Fatihatul Kitab." This opinion is taken by Syafi'i, Ishaq, and others. As for Imam Ahmad, he said: "The meaning of the saying of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him: 'There is no (perfect) prayer for one who does not recite Fatihatul Kitab,' that is, if praying alone. Then Imam Ahmad argued with the hadith of Jabir bin Abdullah, he said: "Whoever prays one rakaat and does not recite Ummul Qur'an in it, then he has not prayed, except if he prays behind the imam." Imam Ahmad said: "Jabir is a companion of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, (but) he still interpreted the saying of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him: 'There is no prayer for one who does not recite Fatihatul Kitab,' that this hadith (applies) if praying alone." However, Imam Ahmad still chooses to recite behind the imam, and a man should not leave (reciting) Fatihatul Kitab even behind the imam."